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Referat The lessons of literature

The lessons of literature

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The lessons of literature Even to this day, thousands of years after the first literary pieces were written, we are not yet sure what the purpose of literature, and of art in general, is. People cannot agree what it is that makes poets write and they will never do. They sometimes gather around an idea and all their works concentrate on the vision of literature that they share and this gives birth to a literary movement. But there is no definite answer, and I doubt there will ever be one, to the question: Why does literature exist at all? My personal opinion is that literature is an expression of the human quest for perfection. Our entire lives concentrate upon a longing towards something better than our present state. I do not think literature is supposed to teach a lesson at all. To me, its purpose is to elevate our spirit, to make us find a purpose in our existence, to give a meaning to our lives. Literature, just as art or science, is an attempt to understand the universe we live in. Without them, human existence would be shapeless, tasteless, dull. Life - not worth living. At the beginning of times, when people were starting to discover the world around, literature had a ritual meaning. Human beings, feeling helpless in a hostile universe they did not understand, were abandoning themselves to the powers of supernatural entities. Religion was a way of looking for security, and literature was part of it. Myths were the first form of literature. The story of Ghilgamesh in Mesopotamian society, the Mahabharata and Ramayana in India, or Homer's Illiad and Odyssey in western culture, are all concerned with an existence superior to that of humans. Thousands of years later, things haven't changed too much. We are still looking for a meaning in our lives. We have evolved in the sense that we can now give scientific explanations to natural phenomena, we can develop complex mathematical theories, but we still do not know what we are doing here, what we are looking for. The whole human existence is a mystery to this day and a miracle. But by merely realising how mysteriously wonderful it is to be alive, we can be happy. And the mystery of life is translated into literature. Literature itself is life, expressing our deepest restlessness. The moral codes that are the guidelines of our existence are literature themselves. The Bible, a word which means 'book' in itself, is the accepted code of actions according to which we live. For the non - Christian world, there are equivalents of the Bible. The ancient tragedy had as its purpose spiritual elevation. As Aristotle states it, in his work, "The Poetics", a tragedy, in order to be a real work of art, has to give birth in the audience to a feeling of 'catharsis', purification. This can be applied to literature up to the twentieth century. The ancient dramatists were concerned with the meaning of life and the fate of people in the hands of merciless gods. The contemporary writ

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