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I.1DEFINITION
Sport doping,by legal definition, represents the use of
substances (procedures)so as to modify artificially the capacities
of a sportsmen ,or the products meant to hide the use of doping
substances.These forbiden substances should be known by every
sportsmen , by their personal doctor or that of the team.
The list of medecines,products,substances and forbiden
procedures is approved by the Convention against doping of European
Corporation and by The International Olimpic Comittee(IOC) and it
contains 1379 medicins.
The subtances most used by sportsmen are the products that help
the muscles to develop and the body to resist the assiduous
effort.These are:the stimulatives (amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine,
ephedrine)--increase the concentration ,the atention, reduce the
fatigue and bring up the aggressiveness; the narcotics--used as a
major analgetic; the testerone and steroids--develop the muscles
and the phisic force; the diuretics--encourage the renal excretion
of ion, sodium and water,and help in losing weight; the local
anaesthetics--are substances that stumble over the release and the
transmition of nerve impulse and help the sportsmen to get over the
pain during the competition; canabis--has effects in passing over
the inhibition and anxiety; the alchool; the corticoides ,the
corticosteroids--are to suppress weariness,having a psycho-
stimulative action; beta-blocking--regulates and slackens the
cardiac rhythm, tremblings and have anti-stress effects; growing
hormons (gh) and erythropoetin (epo)--help muscles and bones to
develop, improve the concentration, the transport and captation of
oxygen in veins; hastmatics,anphetamines etc.
But after taking bearings,the most used are the
canabis(30%),the corticoids(25%),the stimulative steroids(15%),the
local anaesthetics(5%).
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I.2.WHO USES DOPING PRODUCTS?
At the begining there were only the performer sportsmen, but
nowadays those that use illegal medicins are:
-sportsmen that aren't known and want to progress, to obtain
the best results so as to gain money or to become famous;
-sportsmen belonging to big federations that had bad results
because of the lack of hard training and don't want to affect the
name of the federation;
-sportsmen having failures after a competition and not being
satisfied by the use of legal medicins;
-sportsmen that want better results and don't have them only by
training;
-sportsmen that complain about their results and are adviced by
some doctors to use illegal producs, substances that can be easily
eliminated. But |