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~POLLUTION~
Pollution is everyvere and the people are the ones who caused it!
AIR POLLUTION
Most of the air pollution is visible under the form of smoke and
gas.
Smoke is a combination of gases and chemicals and it can become
more toxic under the action of powerfull sun, because of a chemical
reaction made by light. It is very unhealthy. The increase of astm cases
are the proof of the effect of air pollution.
It`s also very bad for the environment. If there are chemical
substances in the air, they will fall with the rain causing the "acid
rain", witch destroies the environment.
Chemicals can be absorbed by plants in the polluted area .
Polluting the air by burning broun coal at a power station is a real
big danger. In 1980, the chemical complex from Bitterfield, the bigest in
Europe was unloading daily in the Mulde river approximately 200.000 m of
residue.
Substances used in sprays and for cooling are destroing the ozon
lear
that protectes us from the ultraviolette rays. In many countries these
substances have been removed and even forbidden.
SOIL POLLUTION
The soil pollution is the most difficultto measure and control and
it`s harder to clean than water or air.
The land is used to deposite rubbish and wastes. The mud contains
nutritive substances, like nitrogen and phosphor, but it can have many
unwanted toxic metales.
Rubbish is discomposed in contact with soil. But many material
residue don`t dissapear easely.For example petrol. That`s why many
countries are monitoring dangerous substances on land and they verify the
level of these substances in vegetal tishue, animals and human.
In this picture the pollution level is 200-300 grams of crude oil per
one kilogram of dry soil.
Rubbish depositing places must be carefully administrated for that the
earth
doesen`t contain
diseases.
WATER POLLUTION
Earth is the" watery planet". Viewed from space it is predominatly
blue, because 74% of its surface is covered by water. Oceans contain 97% of
the earth's water while the remaining 3% is classified as freshwater. 77%
of this surface freshwater is stored as ice and 22% as groundwater and soil
moisture. The remaining freshwater, making up less than 1% of the world
total, is contained in lakes, rivers, and wetlands.
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Water has unique, physical, and chemical properties: you can freeze
it, melt it, evaporate it, heat it, and combine it. All life depends on
water. It makes up two thirds of the human body. A person may be able to
live without food for more than a month, but can only live without water
for a few days. Water is a precious resource. Even though around 71% of the
Earth's surface is covered by water, most of this is salt water. Water is
the most important and probably the most widely known substance on the
Earth.
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