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CONSTANTIN PARHON
(1874 - ?)
Romanian endocrinologist; a scientist of world reputation; Professor at the
University of Bucharest. Member of the Romanian Academy and member of other
Romanian and foreign Academies and scientific bodies. C. I. Parhon was the
founder of the Romanian School of Endocrinology and one of the science
founders in the world.
Practicing first as a neurologist and then as a psychiatrist, C.I. Parhon
could investigate the cell structure of the spinal marrow, and demonstrate
that there were vegetative centres on the cortex. He succeeded to largely
collect clinical evidence as to psychosis, nervous syphylis, epilepsy,
multiple hallucinations. He left behind the anatomo-clinical approach made
by the then neuropsychiatric medical school, to promote new and original
ideas in the field of medical science.
He made fundamental contributions to the progress of endocrinology, and in
1909 he co-authored with M. Goldstein the first book on endocrinology
("Secretiile interne"/"Internal Secretions")ever written in the world. He
was among the first medical scientists to be preoccupied with the ovary
internal secretion, and to emphasise the role of parathyroid glands in the
calcium metabolism and of the thyroid gland in the lipidoses and
glucidoses, etc. His contribution to the endocrinological diseases clinic
also extended to the isolation and description of new syndromes: the
hyperhydropexic syndrome (called Parhon's syndrom) and the nanism of
hyperhypophysis. He reached important conclusions in the research work done
in relation with the biochemistry of endocrinological syndromes, either
clinical or experimental, the endocrine importance of epiphysis and thymus,
as well as the age biology.
Main works: "Handbook of Endocrinology" written together with M. Goldstein
and St. -M. Milcu (3 volumes, 1945-1949), " Old Age and its Treatment"
(1948), "The Age Biology" (1955), "Selected Works" (5 volumes, 1954-1962).
ANGHEL SALIGNY
(1854-1925)
Romanian civil engineer and scientist. Professor at National School for
Bridges and Roadways, and member of the Romanian Academy. He produced the
lay-out for and realised in 1882 the construction of the railway bridges on
the line between Adjud and Tg Ocna, and the double way viaduct and railway
bridge on the Siret, at Cosmesti, to be the bridgework which made his
reputation as civil engineer. He dedicated the years between 1884 and 1889
to constructing shipbuilding docks and warehouses in Galati and Braila.
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The originality of his solutions for these constructions should be
remarked: fascine works and pile foundations for the embankment, the Danube
connected basins for bins, and for the first time in the world , he made
use of reinforced concrete to construct silos. His ex |