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Introducing the city
With a population of just under eight million, and stretching more
than thirty miles at its broadest point, London is by far the largest city
in Europe. It is also far more diffuse than the great cities of the
Continent, such as Rome or Paris. The majority of the London's sights are
situated to the north of the River Thames, which loops through the centre
of the city from west to east, but there is no single predominant focus of
interest, for London has grown not through centralized planning but by
a process of agglomeration - villages and urban developments that once
surrounded the core are now lost within the amorphous mass of Great London.
Thus London's highlights are widely spread, and visitors should make
mastering the public transport system, particularly the Underground (tube),
a top priority.
One of the few areas of London witch is manageable on foot is
Westminster and Whitehall, the city's royal, political and ecclesiastical
power base for several hundred years. It's here you'll find the National
Gallery and the adjacent National Portrait Gallery, and a host of other
London landmarks: Buckingham Palace, Nelson's Column, Downing Street, the
House of Parliament and Westminster Abbey. From Westminster it's a
manageable walk upriver to the Tate Gallery, repository of the nation's
largest collection of modern art as well as the main assemblage of British
art. The grand streets and squares of Piccadilly, St James's, Mayfair and
Marylebone, to the north of Westminster, have been the playground of the
rich since the Restoration, and now contain the city's busiest shopping
zones: Piccadilly itself, Bond Street, Regent Street and, most frenetic of
the lot, Oxford Street.
East of Piccadilly Circus, Soho and Covent Garden form the heart of
the West End entertainment district, where you'll find the largest
concentration of theatres, cinemas, clubs, flashy shops, cafes and
restaurants. Adjoining Covent Garden to the north, the university quarter
of Bloomsbury is the traditional home of the publishing industry and
location of the British Museum, a stupendous treasure house that attracts
more than five million tourists a year. Welding the West End to the
financial district, The Strand, Holborn and Clerkenwell are little-visited
areas, but offer some of central London's most surprising treats, among
them the eccentric Sir John Soane's Museum and the secluded quadrangles of
the Inns of Court.
A couple of miles downstream from Westminster, The City - the City
of London, to give it its full title - is at one and the same time the most
ancient and the most modern part of London. Settled since Roman times, it
became the commercial and residential heart of medieval London, with its
own Lord Mayor and its own peculiar form of local government, both |