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Referat CHEYENNE HISTORY

CHEYENNE HISTORY

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CHEYENNE HISTORY Nothing in the Cheyenne legends recalls migration to the North American Continent. Rather it was believed that the first Cheyenne lived under ground and were led to the surface by one fo their more adventuresome people, who, following a small source of light, discovered the world above them. It is suspected the Cheyenne were originally from North of the Missouri River on a large lake. They occupied a region populated by the Algonquire speaking people. They originally appear in historical records on a map drawn about 1673. More definite is a visit of a group of Indians, named "Chao" or Cheyenne to La Salle while he was building Fort Chevecoeur on the Illinois in February, 1680. By the end of the 1700's the Cheyenne had migrated to the Sheyenne River in eastern North Dakota. When or why the Cheyenne moved farther up the Minnesota River and ultimately to the Sheyenne River is unknown, probably due to the pressure from the Sioux or Assimiboin. They lived more than half a century on the Sheyenne, their principal village, containing about 70 lodges was located on the south bank of an old channel of the river, about 12 miles south of Lisbon, Ranstom County, North Dakota. While there they acquired horses and mortal knives, but still did not have guns. Armed with the bow and arrow and lance, the Cheyenne soon came to depend on the vast buffalo herds supplementing their diet of beans corn and squash. It is estimated they acquired horses about 1750. By the early 1800's, the Cheyenne ranged widely to the southwest of the Missouri River. A french trader Persime Metuc noted that, although the Cheyenne wandered the greatest part of the year, they towed, near their "cottages" (the Cheyenne built earth lodges to live in, some more than 40' in diameter) maize (corn) and tobacco, which they came to reap at the beginning of the autumn. When the Lewis and Clark Expedition came upon the Cheyenne along the Missouri River about 1804, their members were estimated at about 300-400 fighting men, but Clark did not come in contact with the whole tribe, which meant the tribe numbered between 1400 and 1600 persons. He described the Cheyenne as "rich in horses and dogs, the dogs carry a great deal of their light baggage. They confess to be at war with no nation except the Sioux against whom they had been fighting defensive wars for as long as they could remember." Once the Cheyenne were on the plains, saped cultural changes took place. After only two generations, Cheyenne living in 1804-1806 near present day's Scott Bluff, ME, on the North Plane River had completely adjusted to the new environment. Rivalries developed between bands as their number rose and fell. Antagonism between band members and chiefs finally led to the tribe dividing into the Northern and Southern divisions, seemin

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