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Bleak House
-Charles Dickens-
Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812 at Lamport, Portsmouth,
being the second of the eight children of John Dickens, a clerk in the
Naval Pay Office.
John Dickens' work took him from place to place, so that Charles spent
his childhood in Portsmouth, London and Chatham. In 1823 the family
moved to London, faced with financial disaster. To help his family,
Charles began to work before he was twelve.
His first work, "Sketches by Boz", appeared in magazines soon after he
was twenty-one, and in a volume after three years. In 1834 Dickens
joined the reporting staff of the "Morning Chronicle".
All the years between 1837 ("The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick
Club") and 1865 ("Our Mutual Friend") were intensely creative for the
author of twelve of the best known novels in English literature: "The
Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club"(1837), "Oliver Twist"(1838),
"Nicholas Nickleby"(1838-1839), "Martin Chuzzlewit"(1843-1844),
"Dombey and Son"(1846-1848), "David Copperfield"(1849-1850), "Bleak
House"(1852-1853), "Hard Times"(1854), "Little Dorrit"(1855-1857),
"Great Expectation"(1860-1861), and "Our Mutual Friend"(1864-1865).
Charles Dickens died on June 9, 1870, after he had suffered a stroke
at the end of a full day's work.
Most of Charles Dickens' novels are centered around a character, seen
from his childhood to his maturity. "Bleak House" is different
because, although it has a great number of characters, it centers
around an institution, the High Court of Chancery, the delays and
costs of which bring misery and ruin to its suitors.
The novel opens with a description of London in November. Fog appears
both actual in the London streets and symbolic in the bleak building
which houses the Court of Chancery, an institution which is the very
opposite of a real court, where order and justice are the key words.
Instead, the words used by Dickens with reference to the city and the
court are "fog" and "mud".
London is covered with fog and mud, the sun has died. Everything is
dark and the people move automatically, like dummies, through mud and
fog. Fog covers everything: the city, the people, the whole country.
There is no escape from this cold, dark, which penetrates even the
Court of Chancery. The intensity of the groping atmosphere is at its
highest point: there are numerous lawyers and petitioners and, above
all, the Lord High Chancellor with "foggy glory round his head".
But the Court of Chancery is not only an obscure and gloomy
institution, it is also a network of relations among various people at
all levels of the society; which "has its decaying houses |